DYNAMIC MEMORY ALLOCATION

THE PROCESS OF ALLOCATING THE MEMORY AT RUNTIME IS CALLED DYNAMIC MEMORY ALLOCATION . LIBRARY ROUTIEN KNOWN AS MEMORY MANAGEMENT FUNCTION ARE USED FOR ALLOCATING AND FREEING THE MEMORY DURING EXECUTION OF PROGRAM . THESE FUNCTINS IS DEFINE IN 'stdlib.h' HEADER FILE .

ALLOCATING BLOCK OF MEMORY -

1.) Malloc():-

                MALLOC()  IS A FUNCTION WHICH IS USED FOR ALLOCATING THE BLOCK OF MEMORY AT RUNTIME . THIS FUNCTION RESERVES BLOCK OF MEMORY AT  GIVEN SIZE AND RETURN A POINTER AS TYPE OF VOID . IF IT IS FAIL TO ALLOCATE ENOUGH SPACE AS SPECIFIED , IT RETURNS NULL POINTER . 

Syntax- void*malloc(byte-size) .

2.) Calloc():-

             Calloc() IS A FUNCTION WHICH IS USED FOR ALLOCATING AT RUNTIME  . CALLOC() FUNCTION IS USED FOR ALLOCATING MEMORY TO DERIVED DATA TYPE SUCH AS ARRAYS AND STRUCTURE . IF IT FAILS TO ALLOCATE ENOUGH SPACE AS SPECIFIED IT RETURNS NULL POINTER .

Syntax- void*calloc(no. of items, element-size).

3.) Realloc():-

                 realloc() CHANGES MEMORY SIZE THAT IS ALLOCATED DYNAMICALLY TO A VARIABLE .

Syntax - void*realloc(pointer , new-size) .

4.) Cfree():-

             DYNAMICALLY ALLOCATED MEMORY CREATED WITH EITHER calloc() OR malloc() DOES'NT GET FREED ON THEIR OWN . YOU MUST EXPLICITILY USE cfree() TO RELEASE THE SPACE .

Syntax- free(ptr);

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